Molding-machine



(No Model.) 4 S11eets-Sheet 1'..

"0. L". GOBHRING. MOLDING MACHINE.

No. 410,887. Patented Sept. 10,1889.

N. PETERS. PhuwLiumgmpncr, washingmn. l!A C.

(No Model.)

C. L. GOEHRING.

MOLDING MACHINE.

No. 410,887. Patented Sept. 10, 1889.

N. PETERS. Phnlo-umagnpher. Wuh'mgifl. D. C.

Rw t e e h s nu e h s 4 Fm. E mm Rm HA BM 0G GN -m LL .0 GM m. d o M o m No. 410,887. Patented Sept. 10, 1889l N. PUERS, Fhuiolhhogmpher, Waxhhghm. D. (l.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES L. GOEHRING, OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

MOLDING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 410,887, dated September 10, 1889.

Application filed March Z, 1889. Serial No. 301,740. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. GOEHRING, of Allegheny, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molding- Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and eXact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention -relates, primarily, to improvements in molding-machines, such as are described in patents numbered 394,762 to 394,7 67, inclusive, granted to me December 18, 1888; and it consists in certain novel and improved constructions, combinations, and arrangements of parts going to make up an organized machine or system for executing the method described in Patent No. 394,767, as well as certain improvements in chip-breaking mechanism designed for use in said machine, but also applicable with slight modifi; cations to other forms of molding or planing machines, all as hereinafter more fully described and pointed out.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 a top plan view, of the improved machine. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the side or edge cutters and chipbreaker. Fig. at is a detail view of the chipbreaking attachment. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of a modified form of actuating mechanism for the chip-breaker. Fig. 6 is a top plan view, and Fig. 7 a side elevation, partly in section, of the sectional shaft and patterncam. Fig. 8 is a top view of a portion of the driving-gearing. Fig. 9 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the support for the top dressing-cutter.

Similar letters of reference in the 'several iigures indicate the same parts.

The improved machine embodies the principal elements of my Patent No. 394,763- that is to say, it includes a feeding mechanism A, laterally-reciprocating side cutting mechanism B, oscillatory reciprocating face or top cutting mechanism C, surfacing or dressing cutters D D', and a system of gearing or driving mechanism connecting the feeding and reciprocating cutter mechanisms. It also includes the principle of mutual adj ustability of the feeding and reciprocating cutting mechanisms relatively to each other and the driving mechanism embraced in my Patent No. 394,766.

In the earlier machines the side or edge cutting mechanism B was situated in advance of the top dressing-cutter D. This is objectionable, in that the work to be performed by the side cutter was unnecessarily increased by reason of the fact that they acted upon the undressed plank,.and hence were required to remove more material than was necessary to give form to the iinished plank, and it was particularly disadvantageous when forming the overlapping bead along .the edge of a plank. To overcome this defective action and at the same time render the cutting mechanism B more readily accessible for adjustment, dac., it was previously located between the pairs of feeding-rolls.l I have arranged the side cutting mechanism B in rear of the top dressing-cutter I), so that it will be in position to operate upon the material after the latter has been dressed and reduced to a uniform standard thickness, and, if desired,

after it has been given any desired shape in cross-section by the bits of the dressing-cutter D.

Another feature of improvement relating to the general arrangement of the co-operating mechanisms is the location of the two cutter-heads b and their arbors b in dit'- ferent transverse planes, so that either or both cutter-heads can be reciprocated up to or beyond the center wit-hout danger or liability of the bits mak ing contact. This change can be readily effected without material alteration in the operating mechanism or the supporting-slides by simply setting or forming the bearings for the arbors b upon opposite sides of their respective slides or carriages b2; or the latter may be located one in advance of the other, as preferred.

The oscillatory reciprocating mechanism C, forming part of the system illustrated, is substantiallythe same as covered in my Patent No. 394,7 65, (to which reference may be made for a more full descriptiom) with the exception that the weight for holding the oscillatory arborframe c and the actuating devices between said arbor-frame and the controlling patterncam pressed toward the latter is dispensed IOO with, as by reason of its inertia and momentum it could notbe depended upon to at all times hold the actuating devices in contact with the pattern-cam, so that the motion eommunieated to the arborframe would at all times follow and conform accurately to the outline of the pattern. ln lieu of the weight, a spring ll, preferably helical iu form, is secured at one end to the frame and at the other end to a chain or rope 2, secured to the arbor-frame beyond the pivotal point at which the arbor-frame is attached to its reciprocating support e. Practice has demonstrated that by employing a longl stiff spring of this kind it will not be set in vibration by the rapid oscillations given the arbor-frame, so as to release or permit the actuating devices to separate from the pattern-cam, but will at all times preserve contact with the latter.

Turning now to the improved feedingmech anism and driving-gearing', two pairs of feedrolls are employed, of which the upper rolls a are supported in bearin on pivoted frames a', capable of vertical movement about their pivotal points of support, each frame a being held down, so that its roll will take a bite on the material by the yielding pressure of the weight (t2, adjustably applied to a lever m. rlhe feed-rolls are preferably made uniform in diameter, and the upper and lower rolls of each pair are connected in the usual manner by a system of gearing such as will permit the separation ot the rolls. A gear-wheel m, secured to the shaft of each lower roll, meshes with a pinion fm, through which motion is communicated to both pairs of rolls.

G designates a pulley applied to a shaft G2, which latter constitutes in effect the main driving-shaft, as through it all the actuating mechanisms of the system are operated. This pulley receives motion from a pulley g on a shaft g, the latter heilig provided with four other pulleys g2 g3 g1 yf". The pulley g5 receives the d riving-belt, pulley gA1 communicates motion tothe top dressing-cutterl), and pulleys ci and (f transmit motion to the vertical arbors of the side cutters. The belt passing around pulley g is conducted over and partly around a pulley g on shaft r/T,a11d serves to drive said pulley g and the belt extending around the periphery thereof and the pulley on the shaft oi' the lower dressing-cutter D. The drivingbelts from pulleys y2 g3 are supported on loose pulleys g8.

From shaft G2 motion is communicated to the feeding mechanism through a pinion glo and gear-train g, the latter connecting pinion gl on shaft G2 and pinion in, which drives the two lower rollers, and from this same main driving-shatt motion is transmitted through a train of gearing to the several pattern-cams controlling the various cutting mechanisms. This gear-train is constructed and applied substantially as follows: Mountedin bearings in the frame are two shafts gm g, each carrying one member of several pairs or sets of change-gears y1, of different diameters, and

capable of being adjusted or moved into and out of contact to vary the relative motions of the two shafts in a manner well understood. 'lhe shaft g1 carries a gear y, engaging and receiving motion from the pinion gl" on the main driving-shaft G2, while q carries at each end a bevel-gear g1, meshing with a bevelgearg1T on a vertical shaft y, supported in bearings on the frame and carrying the pattern-cams for the side cutting mechanism. Mounted in bearings on each side el' the frame is a shaft gl, receiving motion from shaft ,f/S through bevel-gears g2, and transmitting motion through similar gears g2" to another vertical shaft Q21, carrying or commun icating motion to the pattern-cams of the oscillatory re ciprocating cutting system C.

The pattern-cams B C of the two cutting mechanisms B C are adjustably connected to their respective shafts (/18 and (/21 for the purposes described in my Patent No. 394,766, but in an in'iproved and more efficient manner, as will presently appear. To provide for the radial adjustment of the pattern-cams, boxes or heads g2g, furnished with parallel faces or guides, are keyed or otherwise iixedl y secured to the shafts. The pattern-cams are furnished with slots orways fitting the sides of their boxes ([23, and to the face of the latter is secured a plate g2", to which the pattern-cam is clamped, by bolts g2, passing through slots in the plate. Upon this plate or the surface ot' the cam suitable graduations may be marked to assist in xing the adjustment of the cani. To facilitate adjusting the cam and assist in holding it in position, the cam and its box g2 are connected by an adj listing-screw f/t, passing through or turning in a lug on one lpart and threaded into a lug on the other.

The connection between the shaft, the box, and the cam is such as to permit a movement for adjustment in a radial line, at the same time preventing lateral movement about the axis of the shaft, this latter result being obtained by keying the box onto the shaft, instead of securing it by devices permitting a rotary motion about the shaft, as in my latent No. 39-t,7(iti. Provision is madc,ho.vever, for the rotary adjustment of the pattern-cams with respect to the driving-gear and the cutting mechanisms, and this is accomplished by forming the shafts (118 (/21 in sections and key@ ing or otherwise iixedly attaching to the proximate ends of the sections a disk or collar g2g, provided with flanges, said collars being furnished with a concentric series of boltholes for the reception of clamping-bolts g2g. As thus arranged motion is transmitted from one section of the shaft to the next through the collars and bolt-s, and as the latter are arranged at a distance from the axis of the shaft they exert considerable leverage and are not liable to be broken or displaced under the great strain to which they are subjected. To assist in centering the shaft, the end of one section is received in the collar on the opposite section, whereby the sections are re IOO IIO

- ment relates to the automatic chip-breaking tained in alignment. The shafts g18 Q21 are thus divided and the sections united at a point in rear ofthe pattern-cams--that is to say, between the latter and the driving-gearin order that each cam may be adjusted both radially and rotarily with respect to the driving-shaft. The adjustment of the shaft-section carrying the pattern-cam may be indicated and determined by scales or divisionmarks on the clamping-collars.

The top dressing-cutterD is mounted upon a shaft f, supported in boxes on a plate F2, the latter being made longitudinally adjustable upon a support f2 by means of a screw f3, and said support is made vertically adjustable on guides f4 by means of screws f5. The top dressing-cutter head is provided with a pivoted shield d, carrying a presser-bar dT and held down by a weight d8, and a vertically-adjustable presser-bar Z9 is located in rear of said cutter-head. Suitable guides and presserbars are provided in proximity to and between the various cutting mechanisms; but as such devices are well known and in common use they have been omitted from the drawings.

The next important feature of improveattachment for use in connection with laterally-movable cutter-heads.

When the devices for producing the lateral reciprocation of the cutter-heads l) are removed or thrown out of action and the mechanism B is set to producea straight edge, the

ordinary forms of chip-breaker might be applied; but when the cutter-head is reciprocated across the line of feed in a plane transverse to and intersecting the edge of the material such a chip-breaker could not be made to operate effectively, owing to the fact that the bits, instead of leaving the surface at substantially the same place,4will be withdrawn at points more or less remote from the point at which contact is first made in proportion as the cutter-head is projected into and beyond the edge of the material. When the cutters first malle contact with the edge, the latter is tangential to the circle traversed by the cutting-edges of the bits; but as the cutter-head is advanced across the edge the latter intersects the circle, forming a chord whose length is increased in proportion as the axis or center of the circle is brought nearer the plane of the edge of the material. The cutters leave t-he surface at the point Where the latter intersects their circular path, and as this point is changed by the shifting of the center of the circle toward and from the plane of the edge it follows that the cutters will emerge at different distances from the line of motion of the cutter-head in proportion to the differences between the lengths of the chords which are formed by the intersection of the circle by the prolongation of the line of the edge. lf, therefore, a chip-breaker were set so as to be effective when the cutters first entered beyond the edge, the bits would be caused to engage it when the cutter-head was advanced, and if the chip-breaker were set at the most effective point when the cutter-head was at the extreme of its motion toward the material it would not be in position to h old the material near the bits when the cutter-head was retracted.

To overcome this diiiiculty and preserve theeective action of the chip-breaker at all times during the reciprocation of the cutterhead, provision is made whereby the chipbreaker will be moved laterally of the line of movement of the cutter-head, so as to cause the bearing end of the chip-breaker to advance and recede as the cutter-head is reciprocated to preserve the proper relation with the bits and be held at all times in proximity to the point at which the cutters depart from the line of the edge. A mechanism suitable for the purpose may be constructed and applied as follows: A chip-breaker 10, in the form of a flexible bar of steel or other suitable material, is secured to a slide 11, mounted in Ways 12 on a support l13, adjustably secured tothe frame or bed of the machine.

The bar 10 is located in advance of the cutter-head, and its outer or free end is curved and bent inward, so as to bear with considerable pressure on the side or edge of thematerial when fed past the cutters. The guides 12, in which the slide 11, carrying bar 10, reciprocates, are arranged substantially parallel with the edge of the material or the line of feed, so that the bearing-point of the bar 10 can move upon the material toward and from the cutters, and said ways are adjustably secured to the frame to enable the chipbreaker to be adjusted laterally of the material, so as to adapt it to the Width of the latter. Mounted in bearings on the frame is a shaft 14, carrying a pattern-cam 15, engaging a shoulder, roller, or abutment 16 on the slide 11, (said slide being held against the patterncam by a weight or spring,) said shaft receiving motion from the vertical shaft Q18 through bevel-gears 17 and intermediate: shaft 18, or any other suitable train of gearing, the shaft 14 or one of the intermediate shafts being made in sections and united by an adjustable coupling 19, similar to those on shafts g18 and Q21. Shaft 14 is made longitudinally adjustable within or with its bearings to accommodate the adjustment of the chip-breaker. The pattern-cam 15 is connected to and driven in unison with the shaft g, carrying the cam for controlling the motion of the cutter-head, and the two cams are so adjusted and proportioned relatively to each other that the bar 10 will be retracted as the cutter-head advances toward the material and advanced toward the cutters as the latter are withdrawn, the shape and dimensions of the cam 15 being so proportioned as to effect a movement of the pressing end of bar 10 substanltially equal to the lateral movement of the point at which the bits emerge from the surface, produced by the reciprocation of the cut- IOO IIO

ter-heads. In this way the bar 15 is at all times held pressed upon the surface at a point in advance of the cutter-head and but slightly removed from the edge ot' the bit as it leaves the surface.

Instead of actuating the reci procating chipbreaker from a separate cam, it may be operated directly from the reciprocating slide or carriage upon which the cutter-head is mounted. An arrangement of this kind is illustrated in Fig. 5, wherein aeam-plate 30 is adjustably attached to the carriage b2, so as to partake of all the motionsthereof. The movable support of the bar l0 is furnished with a roller, pin, or shoulder 31, bearing against the inclined face of the cani-plate 30 and maintained in contact therewith by a yielding pressure device-such as a weight-or by an opposing cam-surface 32, also attached to and moving with the carriage b2. In this arrangement the forward motion of the cutter-head causes the chip-breaker to be withdrawn laterally from in front of the cutters as the latter advance toward the material and enter the edge, the extent and rate of motion as compared with carriage b2 being determined by the pitch and outline given the operatingface of the cam-plate 30.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is l. In combination with a rotating cutterhead mounted in bearings and reciin'ocated laterally toward and from the material, a reciprocating chip-breaker moving transversely to the line of reciproeat-ion of the cutter-head, with mechanism for automatically actuating both the chip-breaker and cu iter-head to cause them to move in unison and proportionally, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In combination with a feeding mechanism for advancing the material and a rotating cutter-head movable trans-versely of the material in a plane intersecting the latter, a chip-breaker supported io reciprocate in unison with the cutter-head and in a direction substantially parallel with the line of feed of the material and transverse to the plane of the motion of the cutter-head, with devices for automatically controlling the movements of both the cutter-head and the chip-breaker, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a molding-machine such as described, the combination, with a feeding mechanism for advancing the material and a laterallyreciprocating rotating cutter-head, of a pattern-cam for controlling the movements of said cutter-head, an automatically-reciprocating chip-breaker comprising a spring-bar attached to a slide movable in guides substantially parallel with the face or edge of the material, the end of said bar engaging the surface of the material in advance of the cutterhead, and a pattern-cam driven in unison with the reciprocating' support of the cutter-head and operating upon the slide carrying the bar to reciprocate the latter, substantially as set forth.

t. In combination with a rotating cutterhead movable transverselyof the material, an automatically-adjustablc chip-breaker comprising an elastic bar mounted on a slide rcciprocatin g longitudinally in ways, the latter adjustably secured to the frame, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In combination with the feeding mechanism and the laterally-reciprocatin g cutterhead, a chip-breaker mounted to reciprocate longitudinally of the material and transversely of the line of movementof the cutterhead, and a driving mechanism uniting the feeding mechanism and the actuating devices for reciprocating the cutter-head and chipbreaker, substantially as set forth.

6. In a machine such as described, the combination, with a reciprocating slide, such as that carrying the cutter-head, and a patterncam controlling the movements of said slide, of a sectional driving-shaft united by collars and bolts to permit of rotary adjustment, thesaid pattern-cam being secured to one section of the shaft, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a molding-machine such as described, the combination, with the pattern-cam for controlling the motion of the cutting mechanism, of a driving-shaft formed in sections united by adjustable collars, and a box keyed to one of said sections and formed or provided with guides upon which the pattern-cam secured for radial adjustment, as set forth.

S. In combination with a driving-shaft, as y, formed in sections and united by collars and bolts, as described, the hub or box secured to one section of the shaft, a driving mechanism connected to the other section ot' the shaft, and a pattern-cam fitted to said hub or box and radially adjustable thereon, substantially as and for the purpose specilled.

0. In a moldil'lg-machine such described, and in combination with the two oscillatory reciprocating cutting mechanisms and their actuating devices, a pattern-cani controlling the motion of each cutting mechanism, a seetional driving-shaft foreach of the cams, said sections being united by an adjustable coupling, and the two shafts connected by intermediate gearing to rotate in unison, set forth.

l0. In a molding-machine such as described, the combination of a reciprocating slide, an oscillatin g arbor-f rame pivotally connected to and reeiprocated by said slide and carrying a rotating cutter, actuating devices controlling the oscillatory reciprocatingmovements of the arbor-frame, and a spring llexiblyattachcd to the arbor-frame to vibrate in a plane substantially parallel with the movement of the arbor-frame about its axis, substantially as described.

CHARLES L. GOEIIRING.

lllitiiesses:

VALENTINE GAST, THos. JoHNsoN.

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